how is a calcium score test done

3 min read 30-12-2024

Meta Description: Discover the simple, painless process of a calcium score test (coronary artery calcium scan). Learn what to expect before, during, and after this vital heart health assessment, including preparation, the scan itself, and understanding your results. Get clear answers to your questions about this non-invasive cardiac screening.

A calcium score test, also known as a coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, is a non-invasive imaging test that measures the amount of calcium buildup in your coronary arteries. This calcium buildup is a sign of plaque, indicating the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Understanding how the test is done can alleviate any anxieties and empower you to make informed decisions about your heart health.

Understanding the Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Scan

The CAC scan uses a specialized type of computed tomography (CT) scan, specifically a multislice CT scanner. This advanced technology creates detailed cross-sectional images of your heart and coronary arteries. These images allow your doctor to precisely assess the amount of calcium present. The amount of calcium is then scored, providing a quantitative measure of your coronary artery disease risk.

How the Calcium Score Test is Performed: A Step-by-Step Guide

Before the Test:

Preparation: Generally, no special preparation is needed for a CAC scan. You will likely be asked to not eat or drink anything for a few hours before the test. Your doctor will give specific instructions based on your individual needs. Inform your doctor of any allergies, especially to contrast dye (although CAC scans typically don't use contrast).
Clothing: Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing. You may be asked to change into a gown.
Medications: Continue taking your regular medications unless your doctor advises otherwise.
Questions: Don't hesitate to ask your doctor any questions you may have about the procedure.

During the Test:

Positioning: You'll lie on a table that slides into the CT scanner. The technologist will ensure you are positioned correctly for optimal image quality.
The Scan: The scanner rotates around you, taking a series of X-ray images. The entire process usually takes only a few minutes. You'll need to hold your breath for short periods during the scan.
Non-Invasive: The test is painless and non-invasive, requiring no needles or incisions. You might hear some humming or whirring sounds from the scanner.

After the Test:

Results: The radiologist will review the images and calculate your calcium score. Your doctor will then explain your results and discuss their implications for your heart health.
Follow-up: Depending on your score, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, further testing, or treatment.

What Does the Calcium Score Mean?

The calcium score is a numerical value representing the amount of calcium in your coronary arteries. A score of zero indicates no detectable calcium and a very low risk of CAD. Higher scores indicate more calcium buildup and a correspondingly increased risk. However, it’s crucial to remember that a calcium score is just one piece of the puzzle in assessing cardiovascular risk. Your doctor will consider this along with other factors like your age, family history, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and lifestyle.

Who Should Get a Calcium Score Test?

The decision of whether or not to get a CAC scan is typically made in consultation with your doctor. It might be recommended for individuals with intermediate risk factors for CAD, those with a strong family history, or those who want a more precise assessment of their heart health. It is not routinely recommended for everyone.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Calcium Score Tests

Q: Is a calcium score test painful?

A: No, the test is painless and non-invasive.

Q: How long does a calcium score test take?

A: The entire process, including preparation and the scan itself, typically takes less than 30 minutes.

Q: Are there any risks associated with a calcium score test?

A: The risks associated with a CAC scan are minimal. The radiation exposure is low, and there are no incisions or needles involved.

Q: How much does a calcium score test cost?

A: The cost of a calcium score test can vary depending on your location and insurance coverage. It's best to contact your insurance provider or the testing facility for an accurate estimate.

By understanding the process of a calcium score test, you can better prepare for the procedure and interpret your results in conjunction with your doctor's advice. This non-invasive test offers valuable insights into your cardiovascular health, empowering you to take proactive steps toward a healthier heart. Remember to consult with your healthcare provider to determine if a calcium score test is appropriate for you.